Researchers determined that the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) present in esophageal cancer tumors correlated with patient long-term survival rates. Patients with more TILs, signified by a higher Immunoscore, had better prognoses, especially those with late-stage disease. A high number of TILs could also help predict a patient’s response to treatment aiming to pre-operatively shrink the tumor. These findings could be used to develop a personalized medicine approach for treating esophageal cancer.